Centrifugal casting
Centrifugal casting is a casting method in which liquid metal is poured into a rotating mold, so that the liquid metal is filled with the mold and solidified under the action of centrifugal force. Due to the centrifugal motion, the liquid metal can fill the mold well in the radial direction and form the free surface of the casting; the cylindrical inner hole can be obtained without the core; it is helpful to exclude the gas and inclusions in the liquid metal; it affects the crystallization process of the metal, thereby improving the mechanical and physical properties of the casting.
In order to realize the above process, it is necessary to create conditions for rotating the casting mold by using a centrifugal casting machine.
According to the casting axis of rotation in the space of different positions, commonly used vertical centrifugal casting machine and horizontal centrifugal casting machine two types.
Process: mold assembly-startup-preheating mold-coating-alloy quantification-pouring-boiling water cooling-casting out-cleaning mold.
1. The choice of centrifugal casting speed
When selecting the speed of centrifugal casting, two main issues should be considered: (1) The rotational speed of the centrifugal mold should at least ensure that the liquid metal can form a cylinder color immediately after entering the mold and rotate around the axis; (2) Make full use of the centrifugal force to ensure good internal quality of the casting and avoid shrinkage, shrinkage, inclusions and pores in the casting. When using sand centrifugal casting, we should also pay attention to the liquid metal on the mold wall with too much centrifugal pressure caused by casting sand expansion sand and other defects.
2. Cast Mould for Centrifugal Casting
There are two types of molds used in centrifugal casting, namely, metal and non-metal. The non-metallic type may be a sand type, a shell type, an investment shell type, etc. Since the metal type has a series of advantages in mass production and batch production, the metal type is widely used in centrifugal casting.
3. Coatings
Metal centrifugal casting, often need to spray paint on the working surface of the metal type. The requirements for centrifugal casting metal mold coatings are the same as those for general metal mold casting. In order to prevent the casting and metal mold adhesion and cast iron produce white, the coating layer on the centrifugal metal mold is sometimes thicker. Coatings for centrifugal casting mostly use water as carrier. Sometimes it is also used for solid coatings, such as graphite powder, so that the casting can be easily removed from the mold.
4. Pouring
Centrifugal casting, the pouring process has its own characteristics, first of all, because the inner surface of the casting is a free surface, and the control of the thickness of the casting is determined by the number of pouring liquid metal, so the centrifugal casting pouring, the quantitative requirements of the pouring metal is higher. In addition, since the pouring is carried out with the mold rotating, in order to eliminate the phenomenon of metal splashing as much as possible, it is necessary to control the direction of the metal entering the mold. Liquid metal quantitative gravimetric method, volume method and fixed free surface height (liquid metal thickness) method.